Dr. Lauren A Ricciardelli

This entry addresses unemployment insurance as the cornerstone of the Social Security Act of 1935 and, accordingly, as a cornerstone of the modern U.S. social welfare system. After providing a brief historical background of the Unemployment Insurance program, including key ties to the social work profession, this entry provides information about underlying ideological perspectives, and about program design and implementation. Key considerations are discussed with regard to the impact of the economic downturn and the global COVID-19 pandemic on unemployment insurance using a Keynesian framework. Finally, a discussion is offered pertaining to the legacy and possible reform of the Unemployment Insurance program.

Maine is the 41st-most populous state in the United States. With a median age of over 40 years, Maine also has the oldest population of the 50 states. The combination of the harsh winter climate, an aging population, and at-times stark variances in income between counties has created a unique picture of poverty in Maine. Concerns center on ensuring access to services for at-risk seniors, as well as the unique challenges of rural poverty. Additionally, following the 2010 U.S. Census, a deep concern arose regarding Maine’s statewide child poverty rate. Surpassing that of the overall population, this issue has garnered much attention and has become a point of controversy within the state.