Dr. Haris Alibašić

The rapid integration of artificial intelligence into private and public-sector decision-making has outpaced the development of standards governing the interaction between human judgment and machine intelligence. Existing frameworks—the EU AI Act Regulation, the NIST AI Risk Management Framework, and ISO/IEC 42001—regulate AI systems as discrete technical artifacts but do not standardize the hybrid intelligence configurations in which human cognition and algorithmic outputs jointly produce governance decisions. This paper proposes a three-layer standards framework comprising technical interoperability standards governing how AI outputs are communicated to human decision-makers, procedural standards governing human-AI task allocation and escalation protocols, and accountability standards governing responsibility attribution in distributed decision configurations. The framework is grounded in the Quadruple Bottom Line (QBL), which adds governance as a fourth sustainability dimension. To move beyond a purely conceptual contribution, the paper provides operationalization tools—including a role allocation matrix, confidence calibration thresholds, an accountability mapping template, and a domain classification schema—and proposes a three-tier conformity assessment methodology for evaluating framework implementation. By establishing the hybrid human–AI decision configuration as the unit of standardization, the paper introduces a governance architecture that enables operational, auditable, and comparable hybrid intelligence systems.

Impact - This article offers critical insights for policy-makers, development strategists, environmental advocates, and academics engaged in the rigorous pursuit of sustainable development within the context of political uncertainties and evolving global challenges. It amplifies the discourse on integrating and reporting the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) into national development strategies, using Kosovo's endeavours as a pivotal case study. By emphasizing the role of resilience theory in enhancing adaptive governance and multi-sectoral collaboration for SDG achievement, this article substantiates the imperative for innovative, inclusive, and resilient approaches to SDG integration and reporting in national development planning. The findings and recommendations advocate for the strategic alignment of national development initiatives with global sustainability objectives, underscoring the importance of establishing environmental sustainability as a core pillar and the necessity for comprehensive stakeholder engagement in the policy-making process. As such, this work contributes to the broadening evidence base supporting the integration of resilience and sustainability principles into the governance and implementation of development strategies.

This article delves into integrating and reporting the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) within the Republic of Kosovo's National Development Strategy (NDS), emphasizing the pivotal role of resilience and adaptability in governance, social inclusivity, and economic growth. Through qualitative analysis, gaps are identified, and strategic recommendations are made to enhance SDG integration in Kosovo's development agenda. Utilizing resilience theory as an analytical tool, the article dichotomizes the interplay between reporting mechanisms, national strategies, and global sustainability benchmarks to bolster the integration of SDGs within national planning documents.

The integration of artificial intelligence and human decision-making within blockchain systems has raised complex ethical considerations, necessitating the development of comprehensive theoretical frameworks. This research develops a multi-paradigm ethical framework addressing the ethical dimensions of hybrid intelligence—the dynamic interplay between human judgment and artificial intelligence—in the governance of blockchain technology and cryptocurrency systems. Drawing upon complexity theory and institutional theory, this study employs a theory synthesis methodology to investigate inherent paradoxes within hybrid intelligence systems, including how transparency creates new opacities in AI decision-making, decentralization enables centralized control, and algorithmic efficiency undermines ethical sensitivity. Through PRISMA-compliant systematic literature analysis of 50 relevant publications and theoretical synthesis, this research demonstrates how blockchain technology fundamentally redefines hybrid intelligence by establishing novel forms of trust, accountability, and collective decision-making. The framework advances three testable propositions regarding emergent intelligence properties, adaptive capacity, and institutional legitimacy while providing practical governance principles and implementation methodologies for blockchain developers, regulators, and participants. This study contributes theoretically by bridging the fields of complex systems and institutional analysis, integrating complex adaptive systems with institutional legitimacy processes through a multi-paradigm integration methodology. It delivers an ethical framework that addresses accountability distribution in Decentralized Autonomous Organizations, quantifies ethical challenges across major platforms, and offers empirically validated guidelines for balancing algorithmic autonomy with human oversight in decentralized systems.

This research examines the integration of Ibn Khaldûn’s administrative principles within contemporary governance, challenging Western-centric narratives in public administration. Utilizing qualitative analysis of governmental reports, historical texts, and policy documents from twenty countries, the study highlights the traces and adaptations of Khaldûnian thought in governance structures. Key findings reveal the diverse interpretations and applications of foundational concepts derived from Khaldûn’s work, such as social cohesion (‘asabiyyah) and the balance between justice and economic prosperity, within varying political and administrative frameworks. The research underscores how these historical principles continue to resonate in addressing modern governance challenges, including decentralization, stakeholder participation, and the ethical integration of religious and cultural values. By bridging historical insights with contemporary practices, the study contributes to diversifying public administration theories, advocating for culturally resonant governance approaches. The comparative exploration enriches the academic discourse on inclusive and effective governance, offering policymakers practical frameworks for integrating historical insight into modern administrative systems.

This paper presents a comprehensive comparative analysis of Singapore and France’s artificial intelligence (AI) governance models, examining how these distinct approaches interact with and are shaped by international organizations and global governance frameworks. Drawing on Zürn’s theory of global governance, focusing on authority, legitimacy, and contestation, and complementary theoretical perspectives, including policy diffusion and multi-level governance, this study explores the dichotomy between Singapore’s innovation-driven approach and France’s ethical-centric AI governance while analyzing the formative influence of European Union regulations and broader international standards. Through systematic qualitative content analysis of policy documents, regulatory frameworks, and implementation reports, this research uncovers the underlying political, economic, and cultural drivers that shape how these two countries navigate the complex terrain of AI governance amid global interdependencies. The findings suggest that effective global AI governance requires a polycentric approach that balances universal ethical principles with localized implementation strategies, offering important insights for policymakers and scholars working toward responsible global AI development.

Organizations are perpetually challenged to adapt and evolve in the increasingly complex and unpredictable public service landscape. Using two international case studies from Australia and New Zealand, this research examines the critical role of adaptive leadership in fostering resilience within public service entities, focusing on the integral role of ethics in disaster response. The research is grounded in the theory of adaptive leadership, which posits that contemporary organizational challenges require leadership to encourage adaptation and learning. The study explores how adaptive leadership, intertwined with ethical practices, contributes to creating resilient public service organizations capable of withstanding and evolving through crises, constant changes, and adversities. Through a detailed examination of the case studies affecting the general public and ethical considerations, the research unravels the intricacies of public administrators’ ethical dilemmas, concluding with reflections on the implications for public service ethics, integrity, and public trust. The study not only elucidates the symbiotic relationship between adaptive leadership and ethics in fostering organizational resilience but also charts a course for future policy formulation and leadership training programs, underscoring the indispensable role of ethical governance in navigating crises.

Resilience requires innovative environmental governance and sustainability approaches. This study examines the integration of Hybrid Intelligence (HI) in resilience and sustainability strategies through a comparative analysis of Japan and South Korea. Through systematic document analysis of policy frameworks, implementation reports, and strategic initiatives, the author investigates how these nations employ HI—defined as the structured integration of human cognitive capabilities with artificial intelligence— to enhance climate resilience. The findings reveal distinct patterns in successful HI implementation, highlighting the primacy of organizational and institutional factors over technical considerations. The analysis identifies critical organizational characteristics that facilitate effective HI adoption, including structured protocols for human–artificial intelligence (AI) interaction, institutional learning mechanisms, and alignment between technological capabilities and governance structures. Japan's community-centered approach and South Korea's centralized strategy demonstrate alternative but viable pathways for HI implementation in environmental governance. This research contributes to both theoretical understanding and practical application of HI in climate resilience, offering insights for policy adaptation across diverse institutional contexts.

Through resilience theory, this paper explores the integration and alignment of the United Nations sustainable development goals (SDGs) within Kosovo's National Development Strategy (NDS). It highlights how adaptability and strategic planning underpin sustainable development in emerging national contexts like Kosovo, offering a qualitative analysis to identify gaps and suggest improvements for SDG integration. Utilizing a qualitative analysis, this study identifies gaps and provides recommendations for better SDG integration within Kosovo's national development agenda. Data analysis involves the thematic coding of qualitative data and synthesis of case study findings by examining existing documents, strategies, and plans as manifestations of Kosovo's commitment to fostering resilience and achieving a sustainable future. Key insights include recommendations for enhancing governance, environmental protection mechanisms, and social inclusivity to achieve resilient and sustainable economic growth. The study contributes to the discourse on resilience theory in national sustainable development strategies amidst political uncertainty.

This research delves into the relatively uncharted territory of Islamic governance and its impact on strategic sustainability and climate resilience planning in Muslim-majority countries. It scrutinizes the role of religious regimes in public administration and policy-making within these nations. The study employs a case study methodology, focusing on 11 strategically chosen countries within the Islamic world, and evaluates their respective climate resilience and sustainable development objectives. Forty-five reports, plans, and government documents from 2017 to 2023 re analyzed using a two-cycle coding process facilitated by software. The paper makes three significant contributions. Firstly, it addresses the academic call for understanding the positive governance of sustainable development and resilience planning in Muslim-majority countries, specifically focusing on the role of religious regimes. Secondly, it reframes the general understanding of governance in public administration related to resilience planning in Islamic countries. Lastly, it offers an understanding of religious regimes to analyze climate resilience planning. The analysis reveals several thematic categories, each representing a different resilience and sustainability planning governance aspect. The study's results suggest that nations with the most effective plans tend to have robust economies, comprehensive educational institutions, pluralistic societies, inclusive governments, and liberal religious regimes, all of which positively influence sustainable development and climate resilience planning.
Special Issue: Religion and Public Administration

Florida has established the Resilient Florida Grants Program in response to escalating threats from sea-level rise, violent storms, flooding, and climate-related hazards. The initiative supports local governments in conducting vulnerability assessments and implementing resilience projects. This article examines the effectiveness of the Resilient Florida Grants Program, focusing on its effectiveness in enhancing the adaptive capacities of local communities to climate change. Through a qualitative-method approach, investigating publicly available documents, data, and reports and comparing them to a similar program in New York State, the study assesses the effectiveness and outcomes of funded projects on local resilience strategies. The research integrates the principles of resilience theory and community-based adaptation (CBA) to analyze the effectiveness of resilience solutions and local governance in enhancing climate resilience in Florida. These theoretical perspectives offer a comprehensive approach to assessing the multifaceted strategies employed by the state to mitigate and adapt to the impacts of climate change while not directly referring to the term itself. The analysis reveals critical insights into the program's role in fostering statewide adaptation and mitigation planning, the challenges encountered by local entities, and the potential pathways for enhancing the program's effectiveness in mitigating climate risks.