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The Stirling Numbers of the Second Kind and Their Applications
Journal article   Open access   Peer reviewed

The Stirling Numbers of the Second Kind and Their Applications

Subhash C Bagui and K. L. Mehra
Alabama Journal of Mathematics: Official Journal of the ACTM and AACTM, Vol.47(1), pp.1-22
2024

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Abstract

The Stirling numbers of the second kind have numerous applications in mathematics and statistics. But these applications are not generally known to college mathematics and statistics students. This paper aims to propagate the use of the Stirling Number of the second kind to college mathematics and statistics students. We approach the Stirling numbers of the second kind very lucidly so that college students can grasp them easily. We derive a formula for the Stirling numbers of the second kind using the concept of one-to-one and onto functions. Using this formula, we derive a recurrence relation. By the multinomial theorem, we express a monomial rⁿ in terms of the Stirling numbers of the second kind and falling factorial of order r . Using this enerating function, we gave a closed form of the sums of integral powers of integers. Finally, as applications in statistics, we offer closed form for nth (raw) moments of a few discrete distributions such as Binomial, Poisson, Geometric, and Negative Binomial.
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