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Land reclamation along West Germany's North Sea coast, with particular emphasis upon North Friesia
Journal article   Open access

Land reclamation along West Germany's North Sea coast, with particular emphasis upon North Friesia

Klaus J. Meyer-Arendt
Reclamation, pp.124-132
1980

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Abstract

The North Sea coast of West Gennany can be divided into a North Friesian and an East Friesian sector, separated by the "corner" of the German Bight that merges with the estuaries of the Elbe and Weser Rivers (Fig. 1). Both areas are characterized by a gently-sloping offshore and a relatively high tidal range (about 2.4 m, increasing toward the corner of the bight). In both areas, wide mainland coastal plains--fonnerly marsh but now almost entirely reclaimed for agriculture--are relatively protected by sets of barrier islands and sand banks. It is the origin of the barrier islands that provides the greatest distinguishing difference between the two sectors. The East Friesian Islands are a true barrier island chain, nourished by eastward-trending drift composed of sands eroded from the Pleistocene/Holocene Rhine delta in Holland . The North Friesian Islands, on the other hand, are largely remnants of a formerly-extensive marsh area interspersed with chunks of coarse Pleistocene outcrops that were left behind following the last major period of glaciation. The outer (seaward) barrier nature of these islands has resulted primarily from a marine reworking--northward and southward--of the coarse Pleistocene (and some Tertiary) deposits.·
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