This article updates, deepens, and extends previous articles published in this journal on the relation between focal policy and presidential elections. It presents evidence that is consistent with the view that voters reward fiscal frugality and punish focal expansion. The relationship is robust with respect to economic conditions, presidential incumbency, number of consecutive terms in the White House by presidents of the same party. and war. An intriguing finding is that, when fiscal policy is controlled for, incumbency advantage practically disappears. It is hoped that these findings will stimulate more political scientists, especially students oft he presidency, to pay more attention to the role fiscal policy in presidential elections.