Both gastroesophageal reflux (GER) and gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) are defined as gastric contents passing into the esophagus, which is a normal physiologic process; however, GERD causes troublesome symptoms or complications (Lightdale and Gremse, 2013, Quitadamo et al., 2015). More than two thirds of healthy infants experience GER symptoms (Campanozzi et al., 2009, Nelson et al., 2000, Nelson et al., 1997). Comprehensive GER/GERD clinical guidelines have been jointly updated by the North American Society for Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition (NASPGHAN) and the European Society for Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition (ESPGHAN) and endorsed by the American Academy of Pediatrics (AAP). Conservative measures are indicated as first-line treatment in uncomplicated GER and GERD. Differentiating between infants who require conservative treatment versus gastroenterology referral is crucial for best practice.
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Title
Clinical Practice Guidelines for the Management of Gastroesophageal Reflux and Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease
Publication Details
Journal of pediatric health care, Vol.29(6), pp.558-564