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Journal article
Biomarkers of Airway Immune Homeostasis Differ Significantly with Generation of E-Cigarettes
American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine, Vol.206(10), pp.1248-1258
11/15/2022
PMID: 35731626
Web of Science ID: WOS:000887783700013
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Abstract
Rationale : Numerous studies have demonstrated that e-cigarettes can impact respiratory immune homeostasis; however, the extent of these effects remains an active area of investigation, and most previous studies were conducted with model systems or subjects exposed to third-generation e-cigarettes, such as vape pens and box mods.
Objectives : Given the rise in popularity of nicotine-salt–containing pods and disposable e-cigarettes (fourth generation), we set out to better understand the respiratory effects of these newer e-cigarettes and compare their effects to early-generation devices.
Methods : We collected induced sputum samples from a cohort of nonsmokers, smokers, third-generation e-cigarette users, and fourth-generation e-cigarette users (n = 20–30 per group) and evaluated the cellular and fluid-phase composition for markers of inflammation, host defense, and lung injury.
Measurements and Main Results : Fourth-generation e-cigarette users had significantly more bronchial epithelial cells in the sputum, suggestive of airway injury. Concentrations of soluble intercellular adhesion molecule 1 (sICAM1) and soluble vascular cell adhesion molecule 1 (sVCAM1) were significantly lower in fourth-generation e-cigarette users in comparison with all other groups, and CRP (C-reactive protein), IFN-γ, MCP-1 (monocyte chemoattractant protein-1), MMP-2 (matrix metalloproteinase 2), uteroglobin, and VEGF (vascular endothelial growth factor) were significantly lower in fourth- versus third-generation e-cigarette users, suggestive of overall immune suppression in fourth-generation e-cigarette users. Predictive modeling also demonstrated clear separation between exposure groups, indicating that the overall mediator milieu is different between groups, particularly fourth-generation e-cigarette users.
Conclusions : Our results indicate disrupted immune homeostasis in fourth-generation e-cigarette users and demonstrate that the biological effects of fourth-generation e-cigarette use are unique compared with those associated with previous-generation e-cigarettes.
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Details
- Title
- Biomarkers of Airway Immune Homeostasis Differ Significantly with Generation of E-Cigarettes
- Publication Details
- American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine, Vol.206(10), pp.1248-1258
- Resource Type
- Journal article
- Publisher
- Oxford University Press; NEW YORK
- Number of pages
- 11
- Grant note
- National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute: F31 HL154758 National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences of the National Institutes of Health (NIH): T32 ES007126, R01 HL139369, P50 HL120100 NIHU.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) Center for Tobacco Products (CTP)Institute for Environmental Health Solutions at the Gillings School of Global Public HealthNational Heart Lung and Blood Institute: F31HL154758 National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences: T32ES007126 National Institute of General Medical Sciences: R25GM089569
Supported by the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (F31 HL154758) and National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences (T32 ES007126) of the National Institutes of Health (NIH) (grants R01 HL139369 and P50 HL120100). This research was in part supported by the NIH and the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) Center for Tobacco Products (CTP). The content is solely the responsibility of the authors and does not necessarily represent the official views of the NIH or the FDA. Additional support was provided by the Institute for Environmental Health Solutions at the Gillings School of Global Public Health.
- Copyright
- © 2022 by the American Thoracic Society
- Identifiers
- WOS:000887783700013; 99381559029906600
- Academic Unit
- Usha Kundu, MD College of Health; Health Sciences and Administration
- Language
- English