Help-seeking Tendencies and Their Relationship to Competence, Goal Orientation, Autonomy and Achievement Level in Middle School Mathematics
Wendy Wen-Shin Kim
University of West Florida Libraries
Doctor of Education (EDD), University of West Florida
2008
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Abstract
This study was conducted to determine the effect of three types of help-seeking tendencies—avoidant, expedient, and adaptive—on perception of (a) academic competence, (b) desire for autonomy, (c) achievement-goal orientation, and (d) achievement level in mathematics. Data were gathered from 220 seventh- and eighth-grade math students using a survey instrument as well as math grades provided by the school. Statistical significance was determined using a MANOVA and post hoc tests. The results of the study indicate that there is a significant relationship between the type of help-seeking tendency endorsed and all the other dependent variables as a whole. Only three variables had significant relationships with the type of help-seeking tendency endorsed: (a) perception of academic competence, (b) performance-approach goals, and (c) mastery-approach goals. In general, adaptive help seekers had an optimal profile with significantly higher perceptions of academic competence, mastery-approach goals, and performance-approach goals.
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Help-seeking Tendencies and Their Relationship to Competence, Goal Orientation, Autonomy and Achievement Level in Middle School Mathematics