Chess Participation: A Quantitative Analysis of Its Effects on Mathematics Achievement
Daniel Martinez
University of West Florida Libraries
Doctor of Education (EDD), University of West Florida
2025
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Abstract
Since 2000, educational reforms have increasingly focused on accountability, prompting stakeholders to reevaluate strategies for enhancing assessment scores (Verger & Skedsmo, 2021). In this study, I investigated the impact of chess participation on mathematics achievement among third-grade students, particularly comparing those in Title I and non-Title I schools assessed through the iReady program. Guided by cognitive development theory and constructivism, I explored the cognitive and knowledge-construction processes fostered by chess. Employing a quasi-experimental design with randomization, I included third-grade students from a large urban school district during the 2018–2019 academic year in this study. The experimental group consisted of 32 chess players, and the control group consisted of 32 nonchess players. Both groups underwent pre- and post-tests using the iReady mathematics assessments. Data analysis involved various statistical techniques to compare mean mathematics scores and distinguished data from Title I and non-Title I schools and from chess participants and nonparticipants. The results indicated that the type of school (i.e., Title I or non-Title I) in which students enrolled did not significantly affect mathematics scores. However, I observed a significant improvement in mathematics achievement among students who participated in chess. This quantitative study highlights the positive impact of chess participation on third-grade students’ mathematics achievement scores. Future research should broaden the scope of student participants to include a more diverse student population and additional assessments.